At the 188th place out of 188, in the ranking that places the countries based of the Human Development Index, the Central African Republic is twice as large as Italy, with 5 million inhabitants, 1 million of which in the capital, only 400 kilometers of "paved" roads, and 4 local pediatricians in the whole country. This is the last frontier in the intervention of Doctors with Africa CUAMM, the new "last mile" for the Italian NGO that has been working for 68 years on the health of African populations and is currently present in Angola, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Tanzania, Uganda, South Sudan, and Sierra Leone with 2,233 employees. The start of activities in the Central African Republic, started on July 1st, was made official during a recent field mission, attended by the Director of CUAMM, Don Dante Carraro, and the President of Bambino Gesù, Dr. Mariella Enoc. The challenge for CUAMM is to take charge of the entire pediatric complex, not limited to surgery, but also and especially with regard to the overall management of the structure, supporting the local staff with on the job training.